WHITE TEMPLE AND ITS ZIGGURAT. URUK (MODERN WARKA, IRAQ). SUMERIAN. C. 3500–3000 B.C.E. MUD BRICK.
| white_temple_and_ziggurat.pdf |
PALETTE OF KING NARMER. PREDYNASTIC EGYPT. C. 3000–2920 B.C.E. GREYWACKE.
| palette_of_narmer.pdf |
STATUES OF VOTIVE FIGURES, FROM THE SQUARE TEMPLE AT ESHNUNNA (MODERN TELL ASMAR, IRAQ). SUMERIAN. C. 2700 B.C.E. GYPSUM INLAID WITH SHELL AND BLACK LIMESTONE.
| eshnunna_statuettes.pdf |
SEATED SCRIBE. SAQQARA, EGYPT. OLD KINGDOM, FOURTH DYNASTY. C. 2620–2500 B.C.E. PAINTED LIMESTONE.
| seated_scribe.pdf |
STANDARD OF UR FROM THE ROYAL TOMBS AT UR (MODERN TELL EL-MUQAYYAR, IRAQ). SUMERIAN. C. 2600–2400 B.C.E. WOOD INLAID WITH SHELL, LAPIS LAZULI, AND RED LIMESTONE.
| standard_of_ur.pdf |
GREAT PYRAMIDS (MENKAURA, KHAFRE, KHUFU) AND GREAT SPHINX. GIZA, EGYPT. OLD KINGDOM, FOURTH DYNASTY. C. 2550–2490 B.C.E. CUT LIMESTONE.
| egyptian_pyramids.pdf |
smarthistory.org/the-great-pyramids-of-giza/
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-khufu/
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-khafre-and-the-great-sphinx/
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-menkaure/
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-khufu/
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-khafre-and-the-great-sphinx/
https://smarthistory.org/pyramid-of-menkaure/
KING MENKAURA AND QUEEN. OLD KINGDOM, FOURTH DYNASTY. C. 2490–2472 B.C.E. GREYWACKE.
| menkaura_and_queen.pdf |
THE CODE OF HAMMURABI. BABYLON (MODERN IRAN). SUSIAN. C. 1792–1750 B.C.E. BASALT.
| law_code_of_hammurabi.pdf |
TEMPLE OF AMUN-RE AND HYPOSTYLE HALL. KARNAK, NEAR LUXOR, EGYPT. NEW KINGDOM, 18TH AND 19TH DYNASTIES. TEMPLE: C. 1550 B.C.E.; HALL: C. 1250 B.C.E. CUT SANDSTONE AND MUD BRICK.
| temple_of_amun_re.pdf |
MORTUARY TEMPLE OF HATSHEPSUT. NEAR LUXOR, EGYPT. NEW KINGDOM, 18TH DYNASTY. C. 1473–1458 B.C.E. SANDSTONE, PARTIALLY CARVED INTO A ROCK CLIFF, AND RED GRANITE.
| mortuary_temple_of_hatshepsut.pdf |
AKHENATON, NEFERTITI, AND THREE DAUGHTERS. NEW KINGDOM (AMARNA), 18TH DYNASTY. C. 1353–1335 B.C.E. LIMESTONE.
| akhenaton_nefertiti_and_his_three_daughters.pdf |
TUTANKHAMUN’S TOMB, INNERMOST COFFIN. NEW KINGDOM, 18TH DYNASTY. C. 1323 B.C.E. GOLD WITH INLAY OF ENAMEL AND SEMIPRECIOUS STONES.
| tutankhamens_tomb.pdf |
LAST JUDGMENT OF HU-NEFER, FROM HIS TOMB (PAGE FROM THE BOOK OF THE DEAD). NEW KINGDOM, 19TH DYNASTY. C. 1275 B.C.E. PAINTED PAPYRUS SCROLL.
| judgement_of_hu_nefer.pdf |
LAMASSU FROM THE CITADEL OF SARGON II, DUR SHARRUKIN (MODERN KHORSABAD, IRAQ). NEO-ASSYRIAN. C. 720–705 B.C.E. ALABASTER.
| assyrian_lamassu.pdf |
smarthistory.org/lamassu-from-the-citadel-of-sargon-ii/
https://smarthistory.org/dr-senta-german-on-an-assyrian-lamassu/
https://smarthistory.org/dr-senta-german-on-an-assyrian-lamassu/
ATHENIAN AGORA. ARCHAIC THROUGH HELLENISTIC GREEK. 600 B.C.E.–150 C.E. PLAN.
| athenian_agora.pdf |
ANAVYSOS KOUROS. ARCHAIC GREEK. C. 530 B.C.E. MARBLE WITH REMNANTS OF PAINT.
| greek_funerary_art.pdf |
PEPLOS KORE FROM THE ACROPOLIS. ARCHAIC GREEK. C. 530 B.C.E. MARBLE, PAINTED DETAILS.
| peplos_kore.pdf |
SARCOPHAGUS OF THE SPOUSES. ETRUSCAN. C. 520 B.C.E. TERRA COTTA.
| sarcophagus_of_the_spouses.pdf |
AUDIENCE HALL (APADANA) OF DARIUS AND XERXES. PERSEPOLIS, IRAN. PERSIAN. C. 520–465 B.C.E. LIMESTONE.
| persepolis.pdf |
TEMPLE OF MINERVA (VEII, NEAR ROME, ITALY) AND SCULPTURE OF APOLLO. MASTER SCULPTOR VULCA. C. 510– 500 B.C.E. ORIGINAL TEMPLE OF WOOD, MUD BRICK, OR TUFA (VOLCANIC ROCK); TERRA COTTA SCULPTURE.
| temple_of_minerva.pdf |
TOMB OF THE TRICLINIUM. TARQUINIA, ITALY. ETRUSCAN. C. 480–470 B.C.E. TUFA AND FRESCO.
| tomb_of_the_triclinium.pdf |
NIOBIDES KRATER. ANONYMOUS VASE PAINTER OF CLASSICAL GREECE KNOWN AS THE NIOBID PAINTER. C. 460–450 B.C.E. CLAY, RED-FIGURE TECHNIQUE (WHITE HIGHLIGHTS).
| niobid_krater.pdf |
DORYPHOROS (SPEAR BEARER). POLYKLEITOS. ORIGINAL 450–440 B.C.E. ROMAN COPY (MARBLE) OF GREEK ORIGINAL (BRONZE).
| doryphoros.pdf |
ACROPOLIS. ATHENS, GREECE. IKTINOS AND KALLIKRATES. C. 447–410 B.C.E. MARBLE.
| athenian_acropolis.pdf |
smarthistory.org/the-parthenon-athens/
https://smarthistory.org/parthenon-frieze/
https://smarthistory.org/plaque-of-the-ergastines/
https://smarthistory.org/temple-nike/
https://smarthistory.org/the-erechtheion/
https://smarthistory.org/parthenon-dr-rachel-kousser/
https://smarthistory.org/parthenon-frieze/
https://smarthistory.org/plaque-of-the-ergastines/
https://smarthistory.org/temple-nike/
https://smarthistory.org/the-erechtheion/
https://smarthistory.org/parthenon-dr-rachel-kousser/
GRAVE STELE OF HEGESO. ATTRIBUTED TO KALLIMACHOS. C. 410 B.C.E. MARBLE AND PAINT.
| grave_stele_of_hegeso.pdf |
WINGED VICTORY OF SAMOTHRACE. HELLENISTIC GREEK. C. 190 B.C.E. MARBLE.
| winged_victory.pdf |
smarthistory.org/nike-winged-victory-of-samothrace/
https://smarthistory.org/bank-of-americas-masterpiece-moment/winged-victory-of-samothrace-laurence-des-cars/
https://smarthistory.org/bank-of-americas-masterpiece-moment/winged-victory-of-samothrace-laurence-des-cars/
GREAT ALTAR OF ZEUS AND ATHENA AT PERGAMON. ASIA MINOR (PRESENT-DAY TURKEY). HELLENISTIC GREEK. C. 175 B.C.E. MARBLE (ARCHITECTURE AND SCULPTURE).
| altar_at_pergamon.pdf |
https://smarthistory.org/the-pergamon-altar/
HOUSE OF THE VETTII. POMPEII, ITALY. IMPERIAL ROMAN. C. SECOND CENTURY B.C.E.; REBUILT C. 62–79 C.E. CUT STONE AND FRESCO.
| house_of_the_vettii.pdf |
ALEXANDER MOSAIC FROM THE HOUSE OF FAUN, POMPEII. REPUBLICAN ROMAN. C. 100 B.C.E. MOSAIC.
| alexander_mosaic.pdf |
SEATED BOXER. HELLENISTIC GREEK. C. 100 B.C.E. BRONZE.
| seated_boxer.pdf |
HEAD OF A ROMAN PATRICIAN. REPUBLICAN ROMAN. C. 75–50 B.C.E. MARBLE.
| head_of_a_roman_patrician.pdf |
AUGUSTUS OF PRIMA PORTA. IMPERIAL ROMAN. EARLY FIRST CENTURY C.E. MARBLE.
| augustus_of_primaporta.pdf |
COLOSSEUM (FLAVIAN AMPHITHEATER). ROME, ITALY. IMPERIAL ROMAN. 70–80 C.E. STONE AND CONCRETE.
| colosseum.pdf |
FORUM OF TRAJAN. ROME, ITALY. APOLLODORUS OF DAMASCUS. FORUM AND MARKETS: 106–112 C.E.; COLUMN COMPLETED 113 C.E. BRICK AND CONCRETE (ARCHITECTURE); MARBLE (COLUMN).
| forum_and_column_of_trajan.pdf |
PANTHEON. IMPERIAL ROMAN. 118–125 C.E. CONCRETE WITH STONE FACING.
| roman_temples.pdf |
LUDOVISI BATTLE SARCOPHAGUS. LATE IMPERIAL ROMAN. C. 250 C.E. MARBLE.
| roman_sarcophaghi.pdf |
