Scope and Sequence

UNIT ONE
P1 Global Prehistoric
Theme: Man and the Natural World                 Gardners: Chapter 1
Apollo 11 stones. Namibia. c. 25,500–25,300 B.C.E. Charcoal on stone. (V: profile, proportional)
Great Hall of the Bulls. Lascaux, France. Paleolithic Europe. 15,000–13,000 B.C.E. Rock painting. (V: naturalistic, contour, composite pose)
Camelid sacrum in the shape of a canine. Tequixquiac, central Mexico. 14,000– 7000 B.C.E. Bone. (V: subtractive carving, sacrum)
Running horned woman. Tassili n’Ajjer, Algeria. 6000–4000 B.C.E. Pigment on rock. (V: raffia, superimposed)
Beaker with ibex motifs. Susa, Iran. 4200–3500 B.C.E. Painted terra cotta. (V: schematic, elongation, ground line, frieze, stylized)
Stonehenge. Wiltshire, UK. Neolithic Europe. c. 2500–1600 B.C.E. Sandstone. (V: post and lintel, henge, megalith, mortise-and-tenon, heelstone)

P2 African Art Before 1800: Shona, Ashanti, and Kuba
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 19
Conical tower and circular wall of Great Zimbabwe. Southeastern Zimbabwe. Shona peoples. c. 1000–1400 C.E. Coursed granite blocks. (V: Great Zimbabwe, Shona, chikuva, daga)
Great Mosque of Djenné. Mali. Founded c. 1200 C.E.; rebuilt 1906–1907. Adobe. (V: adobe, torons)
Sika dwa ko (Golden Stool). Ashanti peoples (south central Ghana). c. 1700 C.E. Gold over wood and cast-gold attachments. (V: Ashanti, Osei Tutu, matrilineal, kra, dua, Nyame, kuduo)
Ndop (portrait figure) of King Mishe miShyaang maMbul. Kuba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. 1760–1780 C.E. Wood. (V: King Mishe miShyaang maMbul, Kuba, ndop, ibol, nyim, shody)

P3 African Art of the Benin
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 19
Wall plaque, from Oba’s palace. Edo peoples, Benin (Nigeria). 16th century C.E. Cast brass. (V: Benin, oba, brass, casting, manila, Olokun, eben sword, pendant, ase, high relief, hierarchical proportion, frontal, symmetry)

P4 Art of West Africa: Yoruba, Baule, Mende, and Dogon
Theme: Gender Roles and Relationships                                Gardners: Chapter 37
Veranda post of enthroned king and senior wife (Opo Ogoga). Olowe of Ise (Yoruba peoples). c. 1910–1914 C.E. Wood and pigment. (V: Yoruba, afin, ogoga, ojuona)
Portrait mask (Mblo). Baule peoples (Côte d’Ivoire). Early 20th century C.E. Wood and pigment. (V: Baule, Mblo mask, Ambomon)
Bundu mask. Sande Society, Mende peoples (West African forests of Sierra Leone and Liberia). 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, cloth, and fiber. (V: Mendu, Sande society, Poro Society, sowei, gonde)

P5 Art of West Central Africa: Igbo, Bamileke, Fang, and Kota
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 37
Ikenga (shrine figure). Igbo peoples (Nigeria). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood. (V: Igbo, ikenga, chi, nzu)
Aka elephant mask. Bamileke (Cameroon, western grass fields region). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, woven raffia, cloth, and beads.  (V: Bamileke, Kuosi, fon, tso)
Reliquary figure (byeri). Fang peoples (southern Cameroon). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood. (V: Fang, byeri)

P6 Art of Central Africa: Kongo, Chokwe, and Luba
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 37
Power figure (Nkisi n’kondi). Kongo peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. late 19th century C.E. Wood and metal. (V: Kongo, nkisi, nkonde, bilongo, baaku)
Female (Pwo) mask. Chokwe peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). Late 19th to early 20th century C.E. Wood, fiber, pigment, and metal. (V: Chokwe, pwo, chikunga)
Lukasa (memory board). Mbudye Society, Luba peoples (Democratic Republic of the Congo). c. 19th to 20th century C.E. Wood, beads, and metal. (V: Luba, lukasa, mnemonic, Mbudye, tactile)

P7 Art of Oceania: Australia, the Torres Straits, and New Guinea
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                       Gardners: Chapter 36
The Ambum Stone. Ambum Valley, Enga Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 1500 B.C.E. Greywacke. (V: greywacke, echidna)
Buk (mask). Torres Strait. Mid- to late 19th century C.E. Turtle shell, wood, fiber, feathers, and shell. (V: Torres Strait, Wasikor, cassowary, Malu)
Malagan display and mask. New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea. c. 20th century C.E. Wood, pigment, fiber, and shell. (Papua New Guinea, Malangan ceremonies, nalik figure, tatanua, ges, marae)
Earth’s Creation. Emily Kame Kngwarreye. 1994 C.E. Synthetic polymer paint on canvas. (V: aboriginals, dreamings)

P8 Art of Oceania: New Zealand and the Micronesian Islands of Pohnpei, Nukuoro, and the Marshall Islands
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                       Gardners: Chapter 36
Nan Madol. Pohnpei, Micronesia. Saudeleur Dynasty. c. 700–1600 C.E. Basalt boulders and prismatic columns. (V: Pohnpei, sandeleurs)
Female deity. Nukuoro, Micronesia. c. 18th to 19th century C.E. Wood. (V: Nukuoro, amalau, breadfruit, tino aitu)
Navigation chart. Marshall Islands, Micronesia. 19th to early 20th century C.E. Wood and fiber. (V: Marshall Islands, mattang, meddo, cowrie shells)

P9 Art of Oceania: Art of the Polynesian Islands (Easter Island, Cook Islands, and Hawaii)
Theme: Images of Power                                                          Gardners: Chapter 36
Moai on platform (ahu). Rapa Nui (Easter Island). c. 1100–1600 C.E. Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base. (V: Rapa Nui, moai, ahu, pukao, tangata-manu, Makemake, mana)
‘Ahu ‘ula (feather cape). Hawaiian. Late 18th century C.E. Feathers and fiber. (V: ‘ahu’ula, olona plant, tapu, ‘o’o, mamo birds, ‘aha cord, nae)
Staff god. Rarotonga, Cook Islands, central Polynesia. Late 18th to early 19th century C.E. Wood, tapa, fiber, and feathers. (V: Rarotonga, barkcloth, manava, Tangaroa)

P10 Art of Oceania: Art of the Polynesian Islands of Niue and Tonga and New Zealand
Theme: Investigating Identity                                                Gardners: Chapter 36
Terra cotta fragment. Lapita. Solomon Islands, Reef Islands. 1000 B.C.E. Terra cotta (incised). (V: Lapita, incising)
Hiapo (tapa). Niue. c. 1850–1900 C.E. Tapa or bark cloth, freehand painting. (V: tapa barkcloth, concentric circles)
Tamati Waka Nene. Gottfried Lindauer. 1890 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Maori, Henry Partridge, Tamati Waka Nene, moko)
Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa cloths to Queen Elizabeth II. Fiji, Polynesia. 1953 C.E. Multimedia performance (costume; cosmetics, including scent; chant; movement; and pandanus fiber/hibiscus fiber mats), photographic documentation. (V: Fiji, ngatu launima, upeti, kie hingoa, Tangaloa, pandanus leaves)

UNIT TWO

P11 Sumerian Art and Architecture
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 2
White Temple and its ziggurat. Uruk (modern Warka, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 3500–3000 B.C.E. Mud brick. (V: Sumerians, ziggurat, cella)
Statues of votive figures, from the Square Temple at Eshnunna (modern Tell Asmar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2700 B.C.E. Gypsum inlaid with shell and black limestone. (V: votive figures, pious, gypsum)
Standard of Ur from the Royal Tombs at Ur (modern Tell el-Muqayyar, Iraq). Sumerian. c. 2600–2400 B.C.E. Wood inlaid with shell, lapis lazuli, and red limestone. (V: registers, lapis lazuli)

P12 Ancient Akkadian and Babylonian Art
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 2
Anthropomorphic stele. Arabian Peninsula. Fourth millennium B.C.E. Sandstone. (V: stele, awl)
The Code of Hammurabi. Babylon (modern Iran). Susian. c. 1792–1750 B.C.E. Basalt. (V: Babylonians, bas relief, cuneiform)

P13 Ancient Assyrian and Persian Art
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 2
Lamassu from the citadel of Sargon II, Dur Sharrukin (modern Khorsabad, Iraq). Neo-Assyrian. c. 720–705 B.C.E. Alabaster. (V: Assyrians, lamassu, tutelary)
Audience Hall (apadana) of Darius and Xerxes. Persepolis, Iran. Persian. c. 520–465 B.C.E. Limestone. (V: Persians, Achaemenid, apadana, tribute, protomes)

P14 Predynastic and Old Kingdom Egypt
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 3
Palette of King Narmer. Predynastic Egypt. c. 3000–2920 B.C.E. Greywacke. (V: Horus, Upper Egypt, Lower Egypt, idealized)
Seated scribe. Saqqara, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2620–2500 B.C.E. Painted limestone. (V: frontal, papyrus scroll)
King Menkaura and queen. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2490–2472 B.C.E. Greywacke. (V: dyad, ka, nemes)

P15 Old Kingdom Egyptian: Pyramids at Saqqara and Gizeh
Theme: Images of Power   Gardners: Chapter 3
Great Pyramids (Menkaura, Khafre, Khufu) and Great Sphinx. Giza, Egypt. Old Kingdom, Fourth Dynasty. c. 2550–2490 B.C.E. Cut limestone. (V: ben-ben, mastaba, Re, sphinx, serdab)

P16 New Kingdom Egyptian: Temple of Hatshepsut
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 3
Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut. Near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1473–1458 B.C.E. Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and red granite. (V: New Kingdom, colonnade, Hathor, axial plan)

P17 New Kingdom Egyptian: Temples of Ramses II and Amun-Re
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 3
Temple of Amun-Re and Hypostyle Hall. Karnak, near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th and 19th Dynasties. Temple: c. 1550 B.C.E.; hall: c. 1250 B.C.E. Cut sandstone and mud brick. (V: hypostyle hall, clerestory, Amun-Re, sunken relief, Beautiful Festival of the Valley, barque)

P18 New Kingdom Egyptian: Age of Akhenaton
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 3
Akhenaton, Nefertiti, and three daughters. New Kingdom (Amarna), 18th Dynasty. c. 1353–1335 B.C.E. Limestone. (V: Amarna style, Aten, symmetry, ankh)
Tutankhamun’s tomb, innermost coffin. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1323 B.C.E. Gold with inlay of enamel and semiprecious stones.  (V: uraeus, crook, flail, sarcophagus)

P19 New Kingdom Egyptian: Book of the Dead
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                    Gardners: Chapter 3
Last judgment of Hu-Nefer, from his tomb (page from the Book of the Dead). New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty. c. 1275 B.C.E. Painted papyrus scroll. (V: continuous narration, Anubis, Thoth, Osiris, Maat)

P20 Greek Funerary Art
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                    Gardners: Chapter 5
Anavysos Kouros. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble with remnants of paint. (V: Archaic Greek style, kouros)
Grave stele of Hegeso. Attributed to Kallimachos. c. 410 B.C.E. Marble and paint. (V: Classical Greek style, genre scene, high relief)

P21 Classical Greek: Parthenon
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Rituals                              Gardners: Chapter 5
Acropolis. Athens, Greece. Iktinos and Kallikrates. c. 447–410 B.C.E. Marble. (V: Doric order, Ionic order, pediment, metopes, triglyphs, peristyle, Athena)

P22 Archaic and Classical Greek: Charioteer and the Doryphoros
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition             Gardners: Chapter 5
Peplos Kore from the Acropolis. Archaic Greek. c. 530 B.C.E. Marble, painted details. (V: kore, peplos)
Doryphoros (Spear Bearer). Polykleitos. Original 450–440 B.C.E. Roman copy (marble) of Greek original (bronze). (contrapposto, sophrosyne, Canon, ephebe)

P23 Classical and Late Classical Greek Art: Praxiteles and Lysippos
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition               Gardners: Chapter 5
Athenian agora. Archaic through Hellenistic Greek. 600 B.C.E.–150 C.E. Plan. (V: agora, stoa, Panathenaic Way, tholos)
Niobides Krater. Anonymous vase painter of Classical Greece known as the Niobid Painter. c. 460–450 B.C.E. Clay, red-figure technique (white highlights). (krater, red-figure technique, slip, kiln, Herakles, Niobe)

P24 Classical to Hellenistic Sculpture
Theme: Images of War and Violence                           Gardners: Chapter 5
Winged Victory of Samothrace. Hellenistic Greek. c. 190 B.C.E. Marble. (Hellenistic Greek style, Nike, promontory)
Great Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon. Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). Hellenistic Greek. c. 175 B.C.E. Marble (architecture and sculpture). (V: Pergamene kingdom, gigantomachy, isocephalism)
Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun, Pompeii. Republican Roman. c. 100 B.C.E. Mosaic. (V: mosaic, tesserae, foreshortening)
Seated boxer. Hellenistic Greek. c. 100 B.C.E. Bronze. (V: bronze, pathos, casting)

UNIT THREE

P25 Etruscan Funerary Art
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                   Gardners: Chapter 6
Sarcophagus of the Spouses. Etruscan. c. 520 B.C.E. Terra cotta. (V: Etruscans, terracotta, Archaic smile)
Tomb of the Triclinium. Tarquinia, Italy. Etruscan. c. 480–470 B.C.E. Tufa and fresco. (V: tufa, fresco)

P26 Roman Republic and Early Empire: Domestic Art and Architecture
Theme: Investigating Identity                                Gardners: Chapter 7
House of the Vettii. Pompeii, Italy. Imperial Roman. c. second century B.C.E.; rebuilt c. 62–79 C.E. Cut stone and fresco. (V: domus, impluvium, tablinum, cliens, patronus, Pentheus, Dionysos, peristyle court)
Head of a Roman patrician. Republican Roman. c. 75–50 B.C.E. Marble. (Roman Republic, veristic, verisimilitude, patrician)

P27 Etruscan and Roman Temples
Theme: Sacred Sites and Rituals                       Gardners: Chapters 6-7
Temple of Minerva (Veii, near Rome, Italy) and sculpture of Apollo. Master sculptor Vulca. c. 510– 500 B.C.E. Original temple of wood, mud brick, or tufa (volcanic rock); terra cotta sculpture. (V: portico, podium, Tuscan order)
Pantheon. Imperial Roman. 118–125 C.E. Concrete with stone facing. (V: oculus, coffers, drum, niches)

P28 Roman: Age of Augustus
Theme: Images of Power                                               Gardners: Chapter 7
Augustus of Prima Porta. Imperial Roman. Early first century C.E. Marble. (V: Julian-Claudian Dynasty, Augustus, pontifex maximus, Pax Romana, Aeneas, Cupid, Parthians, adlocutio, Tellus)

P29 Roman: Art of the Flavian Dynasty
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 7
Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater). Rome, Italy. Imperial Roman. 70–80 C.E. Stone and concrete. (V: Flavian Dynasty, amphitheater, attic, engaged columns, concrete, travertine, keystone)

P30 Roman: Art of the Five Good Emperors
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 7
Forum of Trajan. Rome, Italy. Apollodorus of Damascus. Forum and markets: 106–112 C.E.; column completed 113 C.E. Brick and concrete (architecture); marble (column). (V: Five Good Emperors, forum, Dacian Wars, basilica)

P31 Roman Funerary Art
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                     Gardners: Chapter 7
Petra, Jordan: Treasury and Great Temple. Nabataean Ptolemaic and Roman. c. 400 B.C.E.–100 C.E. Cut rock. (V: Nabataeans, Castor and Pollux, incense, facade)
Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus. Late Imperial Roman. c. 250 C.E. Marble. (V: horror vacui, Mithras, Goths, vagaries, inhumation)

P32 Roman: Age of Constantine
Theme: Images of Power                                                Gardners: Chapter 7
No Required Works

P33 Late Antique: Early Christian Catacombs and Sculpture
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                                     Gardners: Chapter 8
Catacomb of Priscilla. Rome, Italy. Late Antique Europe. c. 200–400 C.E. Excavated tufa and fresco. (V: Christ, Jonah, catacomb, cubiculum, loculi, lunettes, prefiguration, refrigerium, orant figures, communion, mass)

P34 Early Christian Basilicas and Manuscripts
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Rituals                               Gardners: Chapter 8
Santa Sabina. Rome, Italy. Late Antique Europe. c. 422–432 C.E. Brick and stone, wooden roof. (V: apse, nave, nave arcade, basilica plan, side aisles, narthex, Constantine)
Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well and Jacob Wrestling the Angel, from the Vienna Genesis. Early Byzantine Europe. Early sixth century C.E. Illuminated manuscript (tempera, gold, and silver on purple vellum). (V: codex, vellum, allegorical figure)

P35 Early Byzantine: Hagia Sophia
Theme: Images of Power                                              Gardners: Chapter 9
Hagia Sophia. Constantinople (Istanbul). Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus. 532–537 C.E. Brick and ceramic elements with stone and mosaic veneer. (V: Byzantine empire, Justinian, pendentives, conches, porphyry, gallery, relics)

P36 Early Byzantine: San Vitale in Ravenna
Theme: Images of Power                                              Gardners: Chapter 9
San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy. Early Byzantine Europe. c. 526–547 C.E. Brick, marble, and stone veneer; mosaic. (V: central plan, ambulatory, chi-rho monogram, nimbus, paten, chalice, Theodora, hieratic, chasuble)

P37 Early Byzantine: St. Catherine’s Monastery
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Ritual                               Gardners: Chapter 9
Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between Saints Theodore and George. Early Byzantine Europe. Sixth or early seventh century C.E. Encaustic on wood. (V: icon, monastery, Theotokos, St. Theodore, St. George, encaustic, logos, proskynesis)

UNIT FOUR

P38 Islamic: Mecca and the Dome of the Rock
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Ritual                              Gardners: Chapter 10
The Kaaba. Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Islamic. Pre-Islamic monument; rededicated by Muhammad in 631–632 C.E.; multiple renovations. Granite masonry, covered with silk curtain and calligraphy in gold and silver-wrapped thread. (V: Islam, Muhammad, Ka’aba, hajj, tawaf, kiswa, ihram, Ishmael)
Dome of the Rock. Jerusalem. Islamic, Umayyad. 691–692 C.E., with
multiple renovations. Stone masonry and wooden roof decorated with glazed ceramic tile, mosaics, and gilt aluminum and bronze dome. (V: Isra and Miraj, Qu’ran, cupola, finial, calligraphy, shahada, Umayyads)

P39 Islamic: Mosque at Cordoba and the Alhambra
Theme: Images of Power                                                  Gardners: Chapter 10
Great Mosque. Córdoba, Spain. Umayyad. c. 785–786 C.E. Stone masonry. (V: mosque, mihrab, qibla, maqsura, springing arches, voussoirs, arabesques)
Alhambra. Granada, Spain. Nasrid Dynasty. 1354–1391 C.E. Whitewashed adobe stucco, wood, tile, paint, and gilding. (V: Nasrid Dynasty, emir, muqarnas, Alcazaba, mirador, chahar-bagh layout, hammam, ghusl)

P40 Islamic Architecture of West and Central Asia
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Ritual                                    Gardners: Chapter 10
Great Mosque (Masjid-e Jameh). Isfahan, Iran. Islamic, Persian: Seljuk, Il-Khanid, Timurid and Safavid Dynasties. c. 700 C.E.; additions and restorations in the 14th, 18th, and 20th centuries C.E. Stone, brick, wood, plaster, and glazed ceramic tile. (V: Seljuks, iwan, four-iwan plan, umma, minarets, muezzin)
Mosque of Selim II. Edirne, Turkey. Sinan (architect). 1568–1575 C.E. Brick and stone. (V: Ottomans, Selim II, sultan, central-plan mosque plan, squinches, madrasa, kulliye, caravanserai)

P41 Islamic Luxury Arts
Theme: Objects of Wealth and Ritual                                     Gardners: Chapter 10
Qur’an. Arab, North Africa, or Near East. Abbasid. c. eighth to ninth century C.E. Ink, color, and gold on parchment. (V: Abbasids, folio, sura, Kufic, palmette, mashq)
Pyxis of al-Mughira. Umayyad. c. 968 C.E. Ivory. (V: pyxis, ivory)
Basin (Baptistère de St. Louis). Muhammad ibn al-Zain. c. 1320–1340 C.E. Brass inlaid with gold and silver. (Mamluks, Mongols, basin)
The Ardabil Carpet. Maqsud of Kashan. 1539–1540 C.E. Silk and wool. (Sufism, medallion, weft and warp)

P42 Islamic Manuscripts: The Shahnama
Theme: Converging Cultures and Traditions                        Gardners: Chapter 10
Bahram Gur Fights the Karg, folio from the Great Il-Khanid Shahnama. Islamic; Persian, Il’Khanid. c. 1330–1340 C.E. Ink and opaque watercolor, gold, and silver on paper. (V: Il’Khanid, Shahnama, Bahram Gur)
The Court of Gayumars, folio from Shah Tahmasp’s Shahnama. Sultan Muhammad. c. 1522–1525 C.E. Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper. (V: Safavid, Gayumars, Prince Hushang, Ahriman, vizier)

P43 Hiberno-Saxon: Book of Lindisfarne
Theme: Objects of Wealth and Ritual                                      Gardners: Chapter 11
Merovingian looped fibulae. Early medieval Europe. Mid-sixth century C.E. Silver gilt worked in filigree, with inlays of garnets and other stones. (V: Merovingians, fibula, cloisonne, zoomorphic)
Lindisfarne Gospels: St. Matthew, cross-carpet page; St. Luke portrait page; St. Luke incipit page. Early medieval (Hiberno Saxon) Europe. c. 700 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (ink, pigments, and gold on vellum). (V: Hiberno-Saxon (or Insular style), interlaced patterns, scriptorium, colophon, incipit, St. Cuthbert)

P44 Romanesque Churches and Cathedrals
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                             Gardners: Chapter 12
Church of Sainte-Foy. Conques, France. Romanesque Europe. Church: c. 1050– 1130 C.E.; Reliquary of Saint Foy: ninth century C.E., with later additions. Stone (architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstones, and enamel over wood (reliquary). (V: Romanesque, tympanum, mandorla, reliquary, transept, crossing, barrel vault, reliquary, Last Judgment)

P45 Romanesque Pilgrimage Churches
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 12
Church of Sainte-Foy. Conques, France. Romanesque Europe. Church: c. 1050– 1130 C.E.; Reliquary of Saint Foy: ninth century C.E., with later additions. Stone (architecture); stone and paint (tympanum); gold, silver, gemstones, and enamel over wood (reliquary). (V: Romanesque, tympanum, mandorla, reliquary, transept, crossing, barrel vault, reliquary, Last Judgment)

P46 Romanesque: Bayeux Tapestry
Theme: Images of War and Violence                                       Gardners: Chapter 12
Bayeux Tapestry. Romanesque Europe (English or Norman). c. 1066–1080 C.E. Embroidery on linen. (V: Battle of Hastings, William the Conqueror, Edward the Confessor, Harold Godwinson, Aesop’s Fables, Bishop Odo, embroidery, stitching)

P47 Gothic French Cathedrals
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 13
Chartres Cathedral. Chartres, France. Gothic Europe. Original construction c. 1145–1155 C.E.; reconstructed c. 1194–1220 C.E. Limestone, stained glass. (V: Gothic style, stained glass, cames, glaziers, rose window, lancet windows, portals, archivolts, jamb statues, Throne of Wisdom, flying buttresses, triforium, rectangular bay system, radiating chapels)

P48 Gothic Luxury Arts
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 13
Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France, Scenes from the Apocalypse from Bibles moralisées. Gothic Europe. c. 1225–1245 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum). (V: Blanche of Castille, Louis IX, court style, moralized bible, typology, Old Testament, New Testament, fleur-de-lys, gold leaf)
Golden Haggadah (The Plagues of Egypt, Scenes of Liberation, and Preparation for Passover). Late medieval Spain. c. 1320 C.E. Illuminated manuscript (pigments and gold leaf on vellum). (V: Judaism, Ten Plagues of Egypt, seder, haggadah)

P49 Late Gothic: Giotto and Masaccio
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 14
Röttgen Pietà. Late medieval Europe. c. 1300–1325 C.E. Painted wood. (V: vespers, Pietà, stigmata)
Arena (Scrovegni) Chapel, including Lamentation. Padua, Italy. Unknown architect; Giotto di Bondone (artist). Chapel: c. 1303 C.E.; Fresco: c. 1305. Brick (architecture) and fresco. (V: Proto-Renaissance, St. Francis of Assisi, Enrico Scrovegni, usury, giornate, modeling, Mary Magdalene, St. John)

P50 Late Gothic: Palazzo Pubblico in Siena
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 14
No Required Works

UNIT FIVE

P51 Buddhism: Great Stupa of Sanchi
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Rituals                                          Gardners: Chapter 15
Great Stupa at Sanchi. Madhya Pradesh, India. Buddhist; Maurya, late Sunga Dynasty. c. 300 B.C.E.–100 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone on dome. (V: Buddhism, Buddha, Wheel of the Law, stupa, torana, anda, yakshi, harmika, chattras)

P52 Hindu Architecture and Statuary in India
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Rituals                                          Gardners: Chapter 15
Lakshmana Temple. Khajuraho, India. Hindu, Chandella Dynasty. c. 930–950 C.E Sandstone. (V: Hinduism, Vishnu, garbha griha, darshan, mandapa, sikhara, amalaka, mithunas, Mt. Meru, Yashovarman, Chandella Dynasty, nonduality)
Shiva as Lord of Dance (Nataraja). Hindu; India (Tamil Nadu), Chola Dynasty. c. 11th century C.E. Cast bronze. (V: Shiva, abhaya mudra, puja, prasada, damaru, agni, Apasmara, maya, yogi, lost wax method)

P53 Mughal Art and Architecture: Mughal Manuscripts and the Taj Mahal
Theme: Images of Power                                                        Gardners: Chapter 32
Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings. Bichitr. c. 1620 C.E. Watercolor, gold, and ink on paper. (V: Mughal empire, Jahangir, sufi, muraqqa, jama)
Taj Mahal. Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Masons, marble workers, mosaicists, and decorators working under the supervision of Ustad Ahmad Lahori, architect of the emperor. 1632–1653 C.E. Stone masonry and marble with inlay of precious and semiprecious stones; gardens. (V: Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal, taj, cenotaphs, pietra dura, hasht bishisht, chahar bagh layout, Yamuna River)

P54 Buddhism: Jokhang Temple and Stupa at Borobudur
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Rituals                                          Gardners: Chapter 15
Jowo Rinpoche, enshrined in the Jokhang Temple. Lhasa, Tibet. Yarlung Dynasty. Believed to have been brought to Tibet in 641 C.E. Gilt metals with semiprecious stones, pearls, and paint; various offerings. (V: Songstsen Gampo, Princess Wencheng, Jowo Rinpoche, Vajrayana Buddhism, ghanta, prayer wheels, chorten)
Borobudur Temple. Central Java, Indonesia. Sailendra Dynasty. c. 750–842 C.E. Volcanic-stone masonry. (V: mandala, jatakas, sutras, Sakyamuni, siddhas, Adibuddha, three spheres of Buddhism, Suddhana, ushnisha, urna)

P55 Hindu and Buddhist Architecture: Angkor Wat and Angkor Thom
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 15
Angkor, the temple of Angkor Wat, and the city of Angkor Thom, Cambodia. Hindu, Angkor Dynasty. c. 800–1400 C.E. Stone masonry, sandstone. (V: Khmer, Suryavarman II, barays, corbelling, Churning of the Sea, nagas, amrita, asuras, devas, Yama, Jayavarman VII, bodhisattva, yantra)

P56 Early Chinese Qin and Han Dynasties: Funerary Art
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                               Gardners: Chapter 16
Jade cong. Liangzhu, China. 3300–2200 B.C.E. Carved jade. (V: jade, cong, bi disk)
Terra cotta warriors from mausoleum of the first Qin emperor of China. Qin Dynasty. c. 221–209 B.C.E. Painted terra cotta. (V: Qin Dynasty, Shi Huangdi, Legalism, fengshui, lacquer)
Funeral banner of Lady Dai (Xin Zhui). Han Dynasty, China. c. 180 B.C.E. Painted silk. (V: silk, po, hun, Hou Yi, Chang E, Taiyi, Nu Wa, auspicious, yin and yang)

P57 Buddhism: Art Along the Silk Road
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 16
Buddha. Bamiyan, Afghanistan. Gandharan. c. 400–800 C.E. (destroyed in 2001). Cut rock with plaster and polychrome paint. (V: Silk Road, Gandharan, Theraveda Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism, Vairocana)
Longmen caves. Luoyang, China. Tang Dynasty. 493–1127 C.E. Limestone. (Tang Dynasty, Pure Land Buddhism, Wu Zetian, arhats, lokapala, dvarapala, Sumeru)

P58 Chinese Art of the Northern Song Dynasty: Fan Kuan and Guo Xi
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                        Gardners: Chapter 16
Travelers among Mountains and Streams. Fan Kuan. c. 1000 C.E. Ink and colors on silk. (V: Northern Song Dynasty, qi (or chi), li, Daoism, Chan Buddhism, Neo-Confucianism, wu wei, seals)

P59 Chinese Yuan and Ming Dynasties: Chinese Decorative Arts and the Forbidden City
Theme: Images of Power                                                        Gardners: Chapter 33
The David Vases. Yuan Dynasty, China. 1351 C.E. White porcelain with cobalt-blue underglaze. (V: Yuan Dyansty, incense burner)
Forbidden City. Beijing, China. Ming Dynasty. 15th century C.E. and later. Stone masonry, marble, brick, wood, and ceramic tile. (V: Ming Dynasty, Yongle, Fengtian Gate, Hall of Supreme Harmony, Hall of Central Harmony, Hall of Preservation of Harmony, Palace of Earthly Tranquility, Confucianism, Spirit Road, Temple of Heaven)

P60 Korean Art: Art of Korea from the Silla Kingdom to the 20th Century
Theme: Objects of Wealth and Ritual                           Gardners: Chapters 16, 33
Gold and jade crown. Three Kingdoms Period, Silla Kingdom, Korea. Fifth to sixth century C.E. Metalwork. (V: Silla Kingdom, daegwan, gogok)
Portrait of Sin Sukju (1417–1475). Imperial Bureau of Painting. c. 15th century C.E. Hanging scroll (ink and color on silk). (V: Joseon Dynasty, yeongdang, gongsin)
Summer Trees. Song Su-nam. 1983 C.E. Ink on paper. (V: Oriental Ink Movement, hangukhwa)

P61 Japanese Buddhism: Temples at Nara and Ryoanji
Theme: Converging Cultures and Traditions                        Gardners: Chapter 17
Todai-ji. Nara, Japan. Various artists, including sculptors Unkei and Keikei, as well as the Kei School. 743 C.E.; rebuilt c. 1700. Bronze and wood (sculpture); wood with ceramic-tile roofing (architecture). (V: Nara period, Shintoism, kami, kondo, pagoda, Shomu, Daibutsuden, shibi, Kei school, Kamakura era)
Ryoan-ji. Kyoto, Japan. Muromachi Period, Japan. c. 1480 C.E.; current design most likely dates to the 18th century. Rock garden. (V: Zen Buddhism, shogun, samurai, karesansui, sabi, wabi, meditation, kawaramono)

P62 Japanese: Night Attack on the Sanjo Palace
Theme: Images of War and Violence                                       Gardners: Chapter 17
Night Attack on the Sanjô Palace. Kamakura Period, Japan. c. 1250–1300 C.E. Handscroll (ink and color on paper). (V: Heiji Rebellion, Taira and Minamoto clans, emaki, Fujiwara Nobuyori, Go-Shirakawa)

P63 Japanese Art: Art of the Edo Period
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                      Gardners: Chapter 34
White and Red Plum Blossoms. Ogata Korin. c. 1710–1716 C.E. Ink, watercolor, and gold leaf on paper. (V: Edo Japan, Rinpa style, chonin, tarashikomi, mokkotsu)
Under the Wave off Kanagawa (Kanagawa oki nami ura), also known as the Great Wave, from the series Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji. Katsushika Hokusai. 1830– 1833 C.E. Polychrome woodblock print; ink and color on paper. (V: ukiyo-e, Mount Fuji, meishoe)

UNIT SIX

P64 Early Northern Renaissance: Robert Campin and the Limbourg Brothers
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 20
Annunciation Triptych (Merode Altarpiece). Workshop of Robert Campin. 1427– 1432 C.E. Oil on wood. (V: Northern Renaissance, oil painting, Annunciation, donors, triptych, disguised symbolism, Gabriel, St. Joseph)

P65 Early Northern and Italian Renaissance: Jan van Eyck and Piero della Francesca
Theme: Gender Roles and Relationships                         Gardners: Chapters 20-21
The Arnolfini Portrait. Jan van Eyck. c. 1434 C.E. Oil on wood. (V: Burgundian Netherlands, glazing, St. Margaret, betrothal)

P66 Early Italian Renaissance: Donatello and the Medici
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 21
David. Donatello. c. 1440–1460 C.E. Bronze. (V: Italian Renaissance, Medici, Palazzo Medici-Riccardi, David, Goliath, Mercury, petasus, Ganymede, St. Michael the Archangel, Antinous)

P67 Early Italian Renaissance Architecture: Brunelleschi and Alberti
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition                     Gardners: Chapter 21
Pazzi Chapel. Basilica di Santa Croce. Florence, Italy. Filippo Brunelleschi (architect). c. 1429–1461 C.E. Masonry. (V: pietra serena, tondo, chapter house, loggia)
Palazzo Rucellai. Florence, Italy. Leon Battista Alberti (architect). c. 1450 C.E. Stone, masonry. (V: palazzo, cornice, stringcourses, opus reticulatum, pilasters, piano nobile)

P68 Early Italian Renaissance: Fra Filippo Lippi and Botticelli
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition                     Gardners: Chapter 21
Madonna and Child with Two Angels. Fra Filippo Lippi. c. 1465 C.E. Tempera on wood. (V: atmospheric perspective, linear (painting) style)
Birth of Venus. Sandro Botticelli. c. 1484–1486 C.E. Tempera on canvas. (V: humanism, Neoplatonism, Marsilio Ficino, Angelo Poliziano, Zephyrus, Chloris, St. John the Baptist, Medici Venus)

P69 High Italian Renaissance: Leonardo’s Last Supper
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 22
Last Supper. Leonardo da Vinci. c. 1494–1498 C.E. Oil and tempera. (V: High Renaissance, Last Supper, refectory, linear perspective, Ludovico Sforza, Judas, John the Beloved, Trinity)

P70 Early and High Italian Renaissance: Perugino and Raphael
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition              Gardners: Chapters 21-22
School of Athens. Raphael. 1509–1511 C.E. Fresco. (V: Stanza della Segnatura, Julius II, Plato, Aristotle, Timaeus, Nichomachean Ethics, Pythagoras, Euclid, Diogenes, Heraclitus, Sodoma, transubstantiation)

P71 High Italian Renaissance: Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition                     Gardners: Chapter 22
Sistine Chapel ceiling and altar wall frescoes. Vatican City, Italy. Michelangelo. Ceiling frescoes: c. 1508–1512 C.E.; altar frescoes: c. 1536–1541 C.E. Fresco. (V: sibyl, prophet, grisaille, ignudi, Belvedere Torso, Drunkenness of Noah, Zechariah, St. Bartholomew, St. Peter, Charon, Minos, Sack of Rome, attribute)

P72 Venetian Renaissance and Mannerism: Titian and Pontormo
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 22
Entombment of Christ. Jacopo da Pontormo. 1525–1528 C.E. Oil on wood. (V: Mannerism, figura serpentinata)
Venus of Urbino. Titian. c. 1538 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Venetian Renaissance, cassone, courtesan, sacred and profane love)

P73 Northern Renaissance: Bosch, Grünewald, Cranach, and Holbein
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                               Gardners: Chapter 23
Isenheim altarpiece. Matthias Grünewald. c. 1512–1516 C.E. Oil on wood. (V: polyptych, predella, St. Bridget of Sweden, St. Sebastian, St. Anthony, ergotism)
Allegory of Law and Grace. Lucas Cranach the Elder. c. 1530 C.E. Woodcut and letterpress. (V: Martin Luther, Erasmus, Protestant Reformation, Ten Commandments, woodcut, Dance of Death)

P74 Northern Renaissance: Dürer
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition                     Gardners: Chapter 23
Adam and Eve. Albrecht Dürer. 1504 C.E. Engraving. (V: Apollo Belvedere, Vitruvius, four humors, sanguine, melancholy, saturnine, engraving, burin)

P75 Northern Renaissance: Bruegel
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                        Gardners: Chapter 23
Hunters in the Snow. Pieter Bruegel the Elder. 1565 C.E. Oil on wood. (V: panorama, Schedel’s World Chronicle)

UNIT SEVEN

P76 Global Prehistory: Tlatilco and Chavín de Huantar
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                        Gardners: Chapter 18
Tlatilco female figurine. Central Mexico, site of Tlatilco. 1200–900 B.C.E. Ceramic. (V: diprosopus)
Chavín de Huántar. Northern highlands, Peru. Chavín. 900–200 B.C.E. Stone (architectural complex); granite (Lanzón and sculpture); hammered gold alloy (jewelry). (V: shamanism, Smiling God, Staff God, anthropomorphic, Huánstan, mescalin, tenon heads)

P77 Maya: Tikal and Yaxchilán
Theme: Images of Power                                                   Gardners: Chapter 18
Yaxchilán. Chiapas, Mexico. Maya. 725 C.E. Limestone (architectural complex). (V: Maya, Xibalba, roof comb, glyphs, Lady Xoc, bloodletting, Lord Shield Jaguar II, k’uh, Tlaloc, Itzamnah)

P78 Indigenous Americas before 1300
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                       Gardners: Chapter 18
Mesa Verde cliff dwellings. Montezuma County, Colorado. Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi). 450–1300 C.E. Sandstone. (V: Ancestral Puebloan, kiva, sipapu)
Great Serpent Mound. Adams County, southern Ohio. Mississippian (Eastern Woodlands). c. 1070 C.E. Earthwork/effigy mound. (V: Mound builders, effigy mound)

P79 Aztec Art and Architecture: Tenochtitlán
Theme: Sacred Spaces and Ritual                                         Gardners: Chapter 35
Templo Mayor (Main Temple). Tenochtitlan (modern Mexico City, Mexico). Mexica (Aztec). 1375–1520 C.E. Stone (temple); volcanic stone (The Coyolxauhqui Stone); jadeite (Olmec-style mask); basalt (Calendar Stone). (V: Tlaloc, Huitzilopochtli, chinampa, chacmool, tzompantli, techcatl, Tonatiuh, tecpatl, Coyolxauhqui)
Ruler’s feather headdress (probably of Motecuhzoma II). Mexica (Aztec). 1428–1520 C.E. Feathers (quetzal and cotinga) and gold. (Motecuhzoma II, amantecas, quetzal)

P80 Inka Art and Architecture: Cuzco and Machu Picchu
Theme: Images of Power                                                         Gardners: Chapter 35
City of Cusco, including Qorikancha (Inka main temple), Santo Domingo (Spanish colonial convent), and Walls at Saqsa Waman (Sacsayhuaman). Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1440 C.E; convent added 1550–1650 C.E. Andesite. (V: Inka, Pachacutec, sapa, Coricancha, Inti)
Maize cobs. Inka. c. 1440–1533 C.E. Sheet metal/repoussé, metal alloys. (maize, chicha, repoussé)
City of Machu Picchu. Central highlands, Peru. Inka. c. 1450–1540 C.E. Granite (architectural complex). (V: Intihuatana, andenes)
All-T’oqapu tunic. Inka. 1450–1540 C.E. Camelid fiber and cotton. (V: camelid, acllacuna, t’oqapu, quipu)

P81 Spanish European and Colonial Art: El Greco, Velazquez, Juarez, and Cabrera
Theme: Investigating Identity                                          Gardners: Chapters 23-24
Las Meninas. Diego Velázquez. c. 1656 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Philip IV of Spain, La Infanta Margarita, Alcázar, Order of Santiago)
Spaniard and Indian Produce a Mestizo. Attributed to Juan Rodríguez Juárez. c. 1715 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: casta paintings, mestizo, huipil, viceroy)
Portrait of Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz. Miguel Cabrera. c. 1750 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Sor Juana, St. Jerome, Jeronymite order, The Answer, escudo de monja, rosary)

P82 Art of Colonial Americas
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 35
Frontispiece of the Codex Mendoza. Viceroyalty of New Spain. c. 1541–1542 C.E. Ink and color on paper. (V: Mexica (Aztec), Juan de Zumarraga, Tenochtitlán, frontispiece, New Fire Ceremony)
Angel with Arquebus, Asiel Timor Dei. Master of Calamarca (La Paz School). c. 17th century C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Aspiel, arquebus, Cuzco School)
Screen with the Siege of Belgrade and hunting scene. Circle of the González Family. c. 1697–1701 C.E. Tempera and resin on wood, shell inlay. (V: biombo enconchado, Great Turkish War, Japanese lacquerware)
The Virgin of Guadalupe (Virgen de Guadalupe). Miguel González. c. 1698 C.E. Based on original Virgin of Guadalupe. Basilica of Guadalupe, Mexico City. 16th century C.E. Oil on canvas on wood, inlaid with mother-of-pearl. (V: Virgin of Guadalupe, Juan Diego, enconchado, tilmatli, Nahuatl, Tonantzin, Tepeyac, criollo)

P83 Northwest Coast and Southwest Native Americans: Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka’wakw), Tlingit, and Pueblo
Theme: Investigating Identity                                               Gardners: Chapter 35
Transformation mask. Kwakwaka’wakw, Northwest coast of Canada. Late 19th century C.E. Wood, paint, and string. (V: Kwakwaka’wakw, potlatches, Sisuitl, hamat’sa)
Black-on-black ceramic vessel. Maria Martínez and Julian Martínez, Tewa, Puebloan, San Ildefonso Pueblo, New Mexico. c. mid-20th century C.E. Blackware ceramic. (V: San Ildefonso Pueblo, olla, black on black ware)

P84 Plains and Eastern Woodlands Native Americans: Lenape and Shoshone
Theme: Converging Cultures and Traditions                       Gardners: Chapter 35
Bandolier bag. Lenape (Delaware tribe, Eastern Woodlands). c. 1850 C.E. Beadwork on leather. (V: Lenape, wampum, bandolier bag)
Painted elk hide. Attributed to Cotsiogo (Cadzi Cody), Eastern Shoshone, Wind River Reservation, Wyoming. c. 1890–1900 C.E. Painted elk hide. (V: Shoshone, Sun Dance, Wolf Dance)

UNIT EIGHT

P85 Italian Baroque Art and Architecture
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                             Gardners: Chapter 24
Il Gesù, including Triumph of the Name of Jesus ceiling fresco. Rome, Italy. Giacomo da Vignola, plan (architect); Giacomo della Porta, facade (architect); Giovanni Battista Gaulli, ceiling fresco (artist). Church: 16th century C.E.; facade: 1568–1584 C.E.; fresco and stucco figures: 1676–1679 C.E. Brick, marble, fresco, and stucco. (V: Baroque, Counter-Reformation, Ignatius of Loyola, Jesuits, di sotto en su, trompe l’oeil)
Calling of Saint Matthew. Caravaggio. c. 1597–1601 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: St. Matthew, Philip Neri, tenebrism)
San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane. Rome, Italy. Francesco Borromini (architect). 1638– 1646 C.E. Stone and stucco. (V: Trinitarians, convex, concave, undulating, Holy Spirit)
Ecstasy of Saint Teresa. Cornaro Chapel, Church of Santa Maria della Vittoria. Rome, Italy. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. c. 1647–1652 C.E. Marble (sculpture); stucco and gilt bronze (chapel). (V: Carmelites, St. Teresa of Avila, proscenium)

P86 Northern Baroque: Rubens and Rembrandt
Theme: Gender Roles and Relationships                                Gardners: Chapter 25
Henri IV Receives the Portrait of Marie de’ Medici, from the Marie de’ Medici Cycle. Peter Paul Rubens. 1621–1625 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Marie de’Medici, Henri IV, Louis XIII, Jupiter, Juno, Hymen, painterly (painting) style)
Self-Portrait with Saskia. Rembrandt van Rijn. 1636 C.E. Etching. (V: etching, hatching, crosshatching)

P87 Northern Baroque: Vermeer, Steen, and Ruysch
Theme: Domestic Life and Surroundings                               Gardners: Chapter 25
Woman Holding a Balance. Johannes Vermeer. c. 1664 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: camera obscura, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, genre painting, Dutch capitalism)
Fruit and Insects. Rachel Ruysch. 1711 C.E. Oil on wood. (V: still life, ephemeral, vanitas painting, Frederik Ruysch, Wunderkammern)

P88 Northern Baroque: Palace of Versailles
Theme: Images of Power                                                           Gardners: Chapter 25
The Palace at Versailles. Versailles, France. Louis Le Vau and Jules Hardouin- Mansart (architects). Begun 1669 C.E. Masonry, stone, wood, iron, and gold leaf (architecture); marble and bronze (sculpture); gardens. (V: Louis XIV, absolutism, Andre le Notre, lever, coucher, toilette, Salon de la Guerre, Salon de la Paix, pavilions, Mansard roof, balustrade)

P89 French Rococo: Watteau, Boucher, and Fragonard
Theme: Gender Roles and Relationships                                Gardners: Chapter 26
The Swing. Jean-Honoré Fragonard. 1767 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Rococo art, ancien regime, Madame de Pompadour)

P90 Age of Enlightenment: Vigee-Lebrun, Chardin, and Greuze
Theme: Gender Roles and Relationships                                Gardners: Chapter 26
Self-Portrait. Elisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun. 1790 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Marie Antoinette, sentiment, sensibility)

P91 Neoclassicism: Poussin and David
Theme: Images of War and Violence                                Gardners: Chapters 25-26
The Oath of the Horatii. Jacques-Louis David. 1784 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Neoclassicism, French Revolution, Louis XVI, Count d’Angiviller, French Academy, Pierre Corneille’s Horace, Jacobins)

P92 Age of Enlightenment in England: Hogarth and Wright of Derby
Theme: Class and Society                                                  Gardners: Chapters 25-26
The Tête à Tête, from Marriage à la Mode. William Hogarth. c. 1743 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: satire)
A Philosopher Giving a Lecture on the Orrery. Joseph Wright of Derby. c. 1763–1765 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Enlightenment, Lunar Society, orrery, Industrial Revolution)

P93 Neoclassicism in Britain, France, and the United States
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition                     Gardners: Chapter 26
Monticello. Virginia, U.S. Thomas Jefferson (architect). 1768–1809 C.E. Brick, glass, stone, and wood. (V: Federal Style, Palladio’s Four Books of Architecture, agrarian)
George Washington. Jean-Antoine Houdon. 1788–1792 C.E. Marble. (V: American Revolutionary War, Cincinnatus, fasces)

P94 Romanticism: Goya, Géricault, and Delacroix
Theme: Humanism and the Classical Tradition                    Gardners: Chapter 27
Y no hai remedio (And There’s Nothing to Be Done), from Los Desastres de la Guerra (The Disasters of War), plate 15. Francisco de Goya. 1810–1823 C.E. (published 1863). Etching, drypoint, burin, and burnishing. (V: Romanticism, Peninsular War, Napoleon Bonaparte, Joseph Bonaparte, Ferdinand VII)
Liberty Leading the People. Eugène Delacroix. 1830 C.E. Oil on canvas. (July Revolution, Charles X, Louis-Philippe, Phrygian cap, tricouleur, Venus de Milo, bourgeois)

P95 Romanticism: Turner and Constable
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                      Gardners: Chapter 27
Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing Overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On). Joseph Mallord William Turner. 1840 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: abolitionists, Zong, impasto)

P96 Romanticism in America: Cole and Velasco
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                      Gardners: Chapter 27
The Oxbow (View from Mount Holyoke, Northampton, Massachusetts, after a Thunderstorm). Thomas Cole. 1836 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Hudson River School, manifest destiny, Arcadia, Transcendentalists, William Cullen Bryant)
The Valley of Mexico from the Hillside of Santa Isabel (El Valle de México desde el Cerro de Santa Isabel). Jose María Velasco. 1882 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Lake Texcoco, Popocatepetl and Iztacchihuatl volcanoes, 1821 War of Independence, López de Santa Anna, Eugenio Landesio)

P97 Realism: Courbet and Daumier
Theme: Class and Society                                                       Gardners: Chapter 27
The Stone Breakers. Gustave Courbet. 1849 C.E. (destroyed in 1945). Oil on canvas. (V: Realism, palette knife, Socialism, Revolution of 1848, Karl Marx, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, positivism)

P98 Neoclassicism and Realism: Ingres and Manet
Theme: Gender Roles and Relationships                              Gardners: Chapter 27
La Grande Odalisque. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres. 1814 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: odalisque, male gaze)
Olympia. Édouard Manet. 1863 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Victorine Meurent, demimonde, Salon, Salon des Refusés, Charles Baudelaire, Emile Zola)

UNIT NINE

P99 Victorian Age in Britain: Houses of Parliament
Theme: Class and Society                                                        Gardners: Chapter 27
Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament). London, England. Charles Barry and Augustus W. N. Pugin (architects). 1840–1870 C.E. Limestone masonry and glass. (V: Gothic Revival, House of Lords, House of Commons, Victoria Tower, Elizabeth Tower, Westminster Hall, Contrasts, Arts and Crafts Movement, Magna Carta)

P100 Nineteenth-Century Photography
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                       Gardners: Chapters 27-29
Still Life in Studio. Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre. 1837 C.E. Daguerreotype. (V: daguerreotype, calotype, hypo, Nicéphore Niépce
Nadar Raising Photography to the Height of Art. Honoré Daumier. 1862 C.E. Lithograph. (V: lithograph, Nadar, collodion method, Le Géant)
The Horse in Motion. Eadweard Muybridge. 1878 C.E. Albumen print. (V: Animal Locomotion, zoopraxiscope, persistence of vision, Leland Stanford)
The Steerage. Alfred Stieglitz. 1907 C.E. Photogravure. (V: Photo-Secessionists, 291)

P101 Impressionism: Monet, Caillebotte, and Renoir
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 28
The Saint-Lazare Station. Claude Monet. 1877 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Impressionism, plein-air, flâneur, Société Anonyme des Artistes Peintres, Sculpteurs, Graveurs, etc..)

P102 Impressionism: Degas and Cassatt
Theme: Domestic Life and Surroundings                               Gardners: Chapter 28
The Coiffure. Mary Cassatt. 1890–1891 C.E. Drypoint and aquatint. (V: voyeur, Japanese woodblock prints, drypoint, aquatint)

P103 Post-Impressionism: Van Gogh and Gauguin
Theme: Death and the Afterlife                                               Gardners: Chapter 28
The Starry Night. Vincent van Gogh. 1889 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Post-Impressionism)
Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? Paul Gauguin. 1897–1898 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: theosophy, mahu, Hina, Tahiti)

P104 Post-Impressionism: Seurat and Cézanne
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                              Gardners: Chapter 28
Mont Sainte-Victoire. Paul Cézanne. 1902–1904 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: passage (French term), formalism)

P105 Symbolism: Ensor, Munch, and Klimt
Theme: Art and Human Psychology                                        Gardners: Chapter 28
The Scream. Edvard Munch. 1893 C.E. Tempera and pastels on cardboard. (V: Symbolism, Nietzsche)
The Kiss. Gustav Klimt. 1907–1908 C.E. Oil and gold leaf on canvas. (V: Vienna Secessionists, Art Nouveau)

P106 Early Modern Sculpture: Rodin and Brancusi
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 28
The Burghers of Calais. Auguste Rodin. 1884–1895 C.E. Bronze. (V: Hundred Years War, Franco-Prussian War)
The Kiss. Constantin Brancusi. 1907–1908 C.E. Limestone. (V: monolithic, reductive)

P107 Chicago School and Prairie Style: Sullivan and Wright
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                       Gardners: Chapters 28-29
Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building. Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Louis Sullivan (architect). 1899–1903 C.E. Iron, steel, glass, and terra cotta. (V: Chicago School, cast iron, steel frame, curtain wall)
Fallingwater. Pennsylvania, U.S. Frank Lloyd Wright (architect). 1936–1939 C.E. Reinforced concrete, sandstone, steel, and glass. (V: Prairie Style, cantilevers, open plan)

P108 Cubism: Picasso and Braque
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 29
Les Demoiselles d’Avignon. Pablo Picasso. 1907 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: primitivism)
The Portuguese. Georges Braque. 1911 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Analytic Cubism, monochromatic)

P109 Fauvism and German Expressionism: Matisse, Kirchner, and Kollwitz
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 29
Goldfish. Henri Matisse. 1912 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Fauvism)
Self-Portrait as a Soldier. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner. 1915 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Die Brücke, nihilism, Ubermensch)
Memorial Sheet for Karl Liebknecht. Käthe Kollwitz. 1919–1920 C.E. Woodcut. (V: Communism, Karl Liebknecht, Weimar Republic)

P110 Bahaus, DeStijl, and Russian Constructivism: Kandinsky, Mondrian, and Stepanova
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 29
Improvisation 28 (second version). Vassily Kandinsky. 1912 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Der Blaue Reiter, nonobjective, improvisation, Bauhaus, Arnold Schoenberg, Albert Einstein, theory of relativity)
Composition with Red, Blue and Yellow. Piet Mondrian. 1930 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: DeStijl, Neoplasticism, primary colors)
Illustration from The Results of the First Five-Year Plan. Varvara Stepanova. 1932 C.E. Photomontage. (V: Soviet Union, Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Five-Year plan, photomontage)

P111 Dada and Surrealism: Duchamp, Höch, Magritte, and Oppenheim
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 29
Object (Le Déjeuner en fourrure). Meret Oppenheim. 1936 C.E. Fur-covered cup, saucer, and spoon. (V: Surrealism)
Fountain (second version). Marcel Duchamp. 1950 C.E. (original 1917). Readymade glazed sanitary china with black paint. (V: Dada, readymade)

P112 International Style (Mid-Century Modern): Le Corbusier and Mies van der Rohe
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                       Gardners: Chapters 29-30
Villa Savoye. Poissy-sur-Seine, France. Le Corbusier (architect). 1929 C.E. Steel and reinforced concrete. (V: International Style, pilotis, ribbon window, ferroconcrete)
Seagram Building. New York City, U.S. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Philip Johnson (architects). 1954–1958 C.E. Steel frame with glass curtain wall and bronze. (V: skyscraper, I-beams)

UNIT TEN

P113 Latin American Modernism: Rivera, Kahlo, and Lam
Theme: Investigating Identity                                                  Gardners: Chapter 29
The Two Fridas. Frida Kahlo. 1939 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: none)
The Jungle. Wifredo Lam. 1943 C.E. Gouache on paper mounted on canvas. (V: Santería)
Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda Park. Diego Rivera. 1947–1948 C.E. Fresco. (V: Alameda Park, Hernando Cortes, Benito Juarez, Ignacio Ramirez, Jose Guadalupe Posada, La Catrina, Porfirio Diaz, Emiliano Zapata, Francisco Madero)

P114 Early Twentieth-Century American Art: Lawrence, Wood, Hopper, and Lange
Theme: Class and Society                                                         Gardners: Chapter 29
The Migration of the Negro, Panel no. 49. Jacob Lawrence. 1940–1941 C.E. Casein tempera on hardboard. (V: Harlem Renaissance)

P115 Abstract Expressionism and Color Field: Pollock, DeKooning, Rothko, and Frankenthaler
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 30
Woman, I. Willem de Kooning. 1950–1952 C.E. Oil on canvas. (V: Abstract Expressionism, automatism, New York School, Clement Greenberg)
The Bay. Helen Frankenthaler. 1963 C.E. Acrylic on canvas. (V: Color Field painting, acrylic paint, unprimed canvas)

P116 Pop Art: Hamilton, Warhol, and Oldenburg
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 30
Marilyn Diptych. Andy Warhol. 1962 C.E. Oil, acrylic, and silkscreen enamel on canvas. (V: Pop Art, photosilkscreen, Marilyn Monroe, diptych, The Factory)
Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks. Claes Oldenburg. 1969–1974 C.E. Cor-Ten steel, steel, aluminum, and cast resin; painted with polyurethane enamel. (V: Vietnam War, consumerism)

P117 Installation and Environmental Art: Kusama, Christo, and Jeanne-Claude
Theme: Challenging Tradition                                                 Gardners: Chapter 31
Narcissus Garden. Yayoi Kusama. Original installation and performance 1966. Mirror balls. (V: Venice Biennale, narcissism, installation, performance art, nihonga)
The Gates. New York City, U.S. Christo and Jeanne-Claude. 1979–2005 C.E. Mixed- media installation. (V: Central Park, Frederick Olmsted, saffron, site-specific installation)

P118 Earth Art and Minimalism: Smithson and Lin
Theme: Man and the Natural World                                 Gardners: Chapters 30-31
Spiral Jetty. Great Salt Lake, Utah, U.S. Robert Smithson. 1970 C.E. Earthwork: mud, precipitated salt crystals, rocks, and water coil. (V: Earth art, entropy, basalt, Great Salt Lake)
Vietnam Veterans Memorial. Washington, D.C., U.S. Maya Lin. 1982 C.E. Granite. (V: Minimalism, granite, Lincoln Memorial, Washington Memorial, Frederick  Hart)

P119 Global Art Since 1980: Sherman, Morimura, and Neshat
Theme: Investigating Identity                                          Gardners: Chapters 30-31
Untitled (#228), from the History Portraits series. Cindy Sherman. 1990 C.E. Photograph. (V: Postmodernism, appropriation, Judith, Holofernes)
Rebellious Silence, from the Women of Allah series. Shirin Neshat (artist); photo by Cynthia Preston.1994 C.E. Ink on photograph.  (V: Farsi, chador (hijab), Iranian Revolution)

P120 Global Art Since 1980: Abakanowicz and Smith
Theme: Investigating Identity                                          Gardners: Chapters 30-31
Androgyn III. Magdalena Abakanowicz. 1985 C.E. Burlap, resin, wood, nails, string. (V: Holocaust, totalitarianism, burlap, resin, androgynous)
Lying with the Wolf. Kiki Smith. 2001 C.E. Ink and pencil on paper. (V: feminism, Sainte   Geneviève, Little Red Riding Hood)

P121 Conceptual and Video Art: Nauman, Paik, and Viola
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                       Gardners: Chapters 30-31
Electronic Superhighway. Nam June Paik. 1995 C.E. Mixed-media installation (49- channel closed-circuit video installation, neon, steel, and electronic components). (V: Fluxus, closed-circuit video, neon)
The Crossing. Bill Viola. 1996 C.E. Video/sound installation. (V: Video art)

P122 American Art since 1980: Basquiat, Ringgold, Walker, and Weems
Theme: Investigating Identity                                                 Gardners: Chapter 31
Horn Players. Jean-Michel Basquiat. 1983 C.E. Acrylic and oil paintstick on three  canvas panels. (V: Neo-Expressionism, graffiti, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie)
Dancing at the Louvre, from the series The French Collection, Part I; #1. Faith Ringgold. 1991 C.E. Acrylic on canvas, tie-dyed, pieced fabric border. (V: Feminist movement, story quilt, Buddhist thangkas)
Darkytown Rebellion. Kara Walker. 2001 C.E. Cut paper and projection on wall. (V: Antebellum South, silhouettes)

P123 Global Art since 1980: Quick-to-See Smith, Osorio, Orozco, and Salcedo
Theme: Investigating Identity                                                 Gardners: Chapter 31
Trade (Gifts for Trading Land with White People). Jaune Quick-to-See Smith. 1992 C.E. Oil and mixed media on canvas. (V: Rauschenberg, combine)
En la Barberia no se Llora (No Crying Allowed in the Barbershop). Pepon Osorio. 1994 C.E. Mixed-media installation. (V: Nuyorican, St. Lazarus, chucherrias)
Shibboleth. Doris Salcedo. 2007–2008 C.E. Installation. (V: shibboleth)

P124 Postmodernism and Deconstructivism: Late Twentieth and Twenty-First Century Architecture
Theme: Innovation and Experimentation                           Gardners: Chapter 31
House in New Castle County. Delaware, U.S. Robert Venturi, John Rauch, and Denise Scott Brown (architects). 1978–1983 C.E. Wood frame and stucco. (V: Postmodern architecture, Learning from Las Vegas)
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao. Spain. Frank Gehry (architect). 1997 C.E. Titanium, glass, and limestone.  (V: Deconstructivism, titanium panels)
MAXXI National Museum of XXI Century Arts. Rome, Italy. Zaha Hadid (architect). 2009 C.E. Glass, steel, and cement.

P125 Global Art since 1980: Koons, Mori, and Murakami
Theme: Class and Society                                                      Gardners: Chapter 31
Pink Panther. Jeff Koons. 1988 C.E. Glazed porcelain. (V: kitsch)
Pure Land. Mariko Mori. 1998 C.E. Color photograph on glass. (V: virtual reality)

P126 Global Art since 1980: Bing, Mehretu, and Weiwei
Theme: Class and Society                                                      Gardners: Chapter 31
Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan. Artist unknown; based on an oil painting by Liu Chunhua. c. 1969 C.E. Color lithograph. (V: Chairman Mao, Cultural Revolution, Anyuan Miners’ Strike)
A Book from the Sky. Xu Bing. 1987–1991 C.E. Mixed-media installation.
Stadia II. Julie Mehretu. 2004 C.E. Ink and acrylic on canvas.
Kui Hua Zi (Sun ower Seeds). Ai Weiwei. 2010–2011 C.E. Sculpted and painted             porcelain. (V: porcelain)

P127 Global Contemporary Africa and Oceania: Shonibare, El Anatsui, Mutu, and Tuffery
Theme: Converging Cultures                                                   Gardners: Chapter 37
The Swing (after Fragonard). Yinka Shonibare. 2001 C.E. Mixed-media installation. (V: Dutch wax fabrics, batik, imperialism)
Old Man’s Cloth. El Anatsui. 2003 C.E. Aluminum and copper wire. (V: Sankofa movement, kente cloth, malleable)
Preying Mantra. Wangechi Mutu. 2006 C.E. Mixed media on Mylar. (V: preying mantis, Kuba cloth, Romare Bearden)
Pisupo Lua Afe (Corned Beef 2000). Michel Tuffery. 1994 C.E. Mixed media. (V: povi sculptures, processed meat)

Scope and sequence